The daily utilization of digital tools are known as consumer consumer electronics and consists of TV,telephone,DVD,CD,PC,laptop etc. These equipments are produced all over the world. With the advancement in digital engineering at a steady rate,numerous new assortment electronics items overflow into the market each and every year and also the price the existing products reduces continuously and it’s 1 of the greatest advantage of consumer electronics industry.
Electronic waste is one from the issues associated with these electronic item and many producers are now planning to deal with these waste.
Semiconductor:
All digital products use semiconductors and with out these semiconductors none from the electronic device is complete. Semiconductor behaves like an insulator at absolute zero (-273 degree centigrade) and could be distinguished from conductor that at this temperature the outermost filled electron energy band is totally filled in a semiconductor compared to the conductor in which the band is partially filled.
At room temperature semiconductor shows a extremely small electrical conductivity much lower than that of conductor.
Doping in semiconductor:
Most typical semiconductors utilized for electronic devices are silicon and germanium. Although some other conductors for example iridium phosphide,gallium arsenide and mercury cadmium telluride are also used.
A pure semiconductor also known as intrinsic semiconductor,when doped with electron rich element e.g. arsenic or electron deficient element e.g. boron in very small amount,its conductivity heightens and also the resultant conductor is referred to as extrinsic conductor. My doping arsenic (electron rich) and boron (electron deficient) in silicon,we get n-type (negative type) and p-type (positive kind) semiconductor products.
We may produce a p-n junction by doping various element in various region of semiconductor and the gadget is known as diode. Similarly we can create p-n-p or n-p-n junctions and also the device is known as triodes.
Digital Devices
(a) Television:
It’s a gadget by which we can obtain moving pictures and seems over a distance. The whole transmission and receiver systems require the following inputs.
1.Camera for live pictures or flying spot scanner for transmission of films and sound source.
2.Transmitters for transmitting both pictures and seems.
3.Receiver systems for receiving these signals.
4.Display gadget,which is either CRT,Rear projection,LCD or plasma. To show the signal within the forms of images and seems.
(b) Telephone:
It is the device for communicating by which two persons can send and obtain sound signals more than a distance. The system requires the following inputs.
1.The telephone gear,which converts sound signals to electrical signals and electrical signals to sound signals.
2.Central exchange from where the subscribers are interconnected.
3.Wiring for connecting all the subscribers.
(c) Calculators:
It is a gadget utilized for carry out numerous mathematical calculations. The input needed for calculator are as given below.
1.Power source (battery or solar panel)
2.Display device (LED or LCD)
3.Keypad that contains all functions and numbers.
4.All digital circuit devices.
Electronic Waste:
These are the waste materials electronic devices and if properly utilized may be valuable secondary raw material source for numerous electronic equipments and if thrown out may act as toxic due to presence of numerous toxic materials including lead,mercury,cadmium,arsenic etc. uncontrolled burning of these materials might also cause environmental problems.
Electronic waste materials is occasionally illegally sent to other countries for processing. However,because of complexity and difficulties in recycling,e-waste will remain an issue for the coming days.
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